海洋环境耐蚀结构钢研究进展

以海洋装备主体材料钢铁作为研究对象，概述了结构钢在海洋环境下的腐蚀与防护研究进展。叙述了结构钢在海洋环境不同区域的各种因素影响下的腐蚀行为和机理。阐述了耐蚀结构钢材料的研究现状和国内外海洋环境用典型耐蚀低合金钢，目前主要通过微合金化技术和组织调控技术提高合金钢材料的耐蚀性。对比国外相关研究，我国耐蚀结构钢开发相对滞后，除了利用微合金化技术、组织调控技术这2种方法提高结构钢材料的耐蚀性外，采用传统腐蚀研究方法结合基于机器学习技术的新型腐蚀研究方法，挖掘海洋环境因素、材料成分和组织结构因素对结构钢腐蚀速率的影响规律，对加强结构钢腐蚀机理研究、加快新型耐蚀结构钢的开发、延长海洋装备的服役寿命具有重要意义。

Research Progress of Corrosion Resistant Structural Steels in Marine Environment

In this paper, the main material of marine equipment, the steel is taken as the research object. The research progress on corrosion and protection of structural steels in marine environment is summarized. The corrosion and corrosion mechanism of structural steels under the influence of various factors in the different areas of marine environment are described. The research progress of corrosion resistant structural steels material and typical corrosion resistant low alloy steels used in marine environment at home and abroad are expounded. At present, the corrosion resistance of alloy steel materials is mainly improved by microalloying technology and microstructure control technology. The development of corrosion resistant structural steel in China is relatively backward compared with foreign researches. In addition to the two technologies to improve the corrosion resistance of structural steel materials, traditional corrosion research methods combined with new corrosion research methods based on machine learning technology are used to explore the influence of marine environmental factors, material composition and organizational structure factors on the corrosion rate of structural steel. It is of great significance to study the corrosion mechanism of structural steel, accelerate the development of new corrosion resistant structural steel, and prolong the service life of marine equipment.