潜流人工湿地填料及其去除污染物机理研究进展

填料是人工湿地特别是潜流人工湿地床体的主要介质,是湿地物理、化学、生物作用发生的主要载体,对湿地去除污染物的效果有决定性影响。从填料的来源、物理性质、化学组成等方面对实际应用中常见的天然产物类填料、工(农)业副产物类填料和人工制备类填料进行综述,总结了填料对水中污染物的主要去除机理,包括吸附-共沉降、离子交换、缓释碳源-电子供体、氧化还原作用;讨论了潜流湿地填料对氮、磷、重金属污染物的去除能力,并对比了不同填料的污染物去除效果;最后对潜流湿地填料选择和今后相关领域研究方向进行了展望,以期为人工湿地和污水处理技术进一步发展提供相关科学指导和理论依据。

Research progress of subsurface flow constructed wetland filler and its pollutant removal mechanism

The filler is the main medium of constructed wetland, especially the bed of subsurface flow constructed wetland. It is the main carrier of wetland physical, chemical and biological reaction, and has a decisive influence on the removal of contaminants. The literature on the sources, physical properties and chemical composition of common substrate media and practical applications were reviewed, including natural product fillers, industrial/agriculture by-product fillers and synthesis fillers. The mechanisms of substrate media for contaminants removal in water were summarized, including adsorption-sedimentation, ion exchange, slow-release carbon source- electron donor, oxidation-reduction. The removal ability of nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal pollutants in subsurface flow wetland was discussed, and the removal effect of different fillers was compared. Finally, the selection of subsurface constructed wetland fillers and prospects for strategy research in the future were prospected, in order to provide scientific guidance and theoretical basis for the further development of constructed wetland and wastewater treatment technology.