纳米氧化物粒子对PVDF中空纤维膜结构与性能的影响

采用相转化法制备纳米氧化物/聚偏氟乙烯复合中空纤维膜,讨论了纳米氧化钛和氧化铝粒子对PVDF膜结构和性能的影响.应用牛血清白蛋白截留实验、扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶红外光谱分别对不同膜的分离性能、微观结构和晶相组成进行了分析.结果表明,复合膜的性能与纯PVDF膜相比有显著地改善,其中纯PVDF膜、Al₂O₃/PVDF和TiO₂/PVDF复合膜对牛血清白蛋白的截留率分别为3.27%、67.20%和86.67%,复合膜的水通量则较纯PVDF膜分别提高2.3倍和2.6倍.氮气吸附实验测定的孔径分布进一步表明复合膜的孔径分布变窄,孔径变小.

Effects of Nanoscale Oxide Particles on Structure and Property of PVDF Hollow Fiber Membrane

The preparation of nanoscale oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite hollow fiber membrane by phase transition process was introduced. The effects of nanoscale titania and alumina particles on structure and property of composite hollow fiber membrane were investigated. The separation property, microstructure and crystalline phase of composite membranes were characterized by bovine serum albumin(BSA)rejection experiment, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively. The results show that the properties of composite membrane are improved greatly compared to the pure PVDF membranes. The BSA rejection ratios of pure PVDF, Al₂O₃/PVDF and TiO₂/PVDF membranes were 3.27%, 67.20% and 86.67%, respectively. The pure water fluxes of Al₂O₃/PVDF and TiO₂/PVDF membranes were 2.3 and 2.6 times higher than that of pure PVDF membranes. Moreover, the pore size and its distribution of composite membrane characterized by nitrogen isothermal absorption measurement are smaller and narrower than pure PVDF membranes.