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Habitat monitoring and genotoxicity in Ucides cordatus (Crustacea: Ucididae), as tools to manage a mangrove reserve in southeastern Brazil
Authors:M. A. A. Pinheiro  L. F. A. Duarte  T. R. Toledo  M. L. Adam  R. A. Torres
Affiliation:1. Laboratório de Biologia de Crustáceos-Pra?a Infante D. Henrique, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista (CLP), s/n, Parque Bitaru, 11330-900, S?o Vicente, S?o Paulo, Brazil
4. Research Group on Crustacean Biology (CRUSTA), S?o Paulo, Brazil
2. Centro Acadêmico de Vitória-Rua do Alto do Reservatório, UFPE-Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, s/n, Bela Vista, 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Ant?o, Pernambuco, Brazil
3. Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Gen?mica Evolutiva e Ambiental-Rua Prof. Nelson Chaves, UFPE-Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Abstract:In Brazil, the state of São Paulo contains both preserved areas (Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station) and extremely impacted ones (Cubatão Municipality). This study evaluated the concentrations of five metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg) in two mangroves with different levels of anthropogenic impact and the apparent genotoxicity to Ucides cordatus. Water and sediment samples were obtained, and metal concentrations were determined with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The genotoxic impact was quantified based on the number of micronucleated cells per 1,000 analyzed (MN‰), using hemolymph slides stained with Giemsa. Metal concentrations in water were below the detection limit, except for lead, although no significant difference was observed between the areas (P?>?0.05). Sediment from Cubatão had higher concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, and Cu than sediment from Juréia-Itatins (P?P?>?0.05). Crabs from Cubatão had a 2.6 times higher mean frequency of micronucleated cells (5.2?±?1.8 MN‰) than those from Juréia-Itatins (2.0?±?1.0 MN‰; P?U. cordatus proved to be an excellent bioindicator of mangrove pollution. This study established, for the first time, the normal frequency of MN‰ in a population of this species within an ecological station.
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