含硫含酸原油加工中含油污水的形成与破乳研究

针对含硫含酸原油加工中形成的含油污水,应用红外及核磁共振对含油污水萃取物进行了表征,表明含油污水中含有石油酸类、酚类、硫化物等。乳化实验结果表明:对含油污水的乳化程度为:十二酸钠邻甲酚钠噻吩,石油酸类的乳化能力明显高于酚类和硫化物;脂肪酸的乳化能力高于环烷酸,随着碳链的增长脂肪酸的乳化能力增强。在缓蚀剂存在的条件下破乳剂没有降低对含油污水的破乳作用。破乳剂中Y系列破乳剂效果较好,其中YZM与XYY复配的破乳效果显著,在加剂量为10mg/L、温度为40℃、沉降时间为20min、初始油含量为10050mg/L时,破乳后水中油含量降至285.2mg/L,脱油率为97.2%;初始油含量为2100mg/L,破乳后水中油含量降至97.23mg/L,脱油率为95.4%。

Formation and Demulsification of Emulsion during Processing of Sour and Acidic Crude oil in Refinery

The formation and demulsification of oil-in-water emulsion during processing of crude oil which contains sulfur and acid in refinery were studied. IR and H-NMR results indicated that there are petroleum acid,phenol and sulphide in the emulsion. The emulsification degree for oil-contaminated water is ranked as lauric acid sodium,orthocresol sodium and thiophene,with emulsive competence of fatty acid higher than naphthenic acid in petroleum acid,and much higher with length increase of carbon chain of fatty acid. The existence of corrosion inhibitor has not reduced the efficiency of demulsifier. Demulsifiers of Y series are better than others,and efficiency of demulsification enhanced when YZM and XYY are mixed. When dosage of demulsifiers is 10mg/L,oil concentrations in water phase are respectively decreased from 10,050mg/L to 285.2mg/L and from 2,100mg/L to 97.23mg/L with settling of 20min at 40℃,and oil removal rates are 97.2% and 95.4% respectively.