2005年北京市铅的使用蓄积研究

伴随铅的长期使用,形成了铅在人类社会经济系统中的使用蓄积。铅在使用蓄积的现存量可一定程度的反映未来的废铅资源量。开展本研究可为废铅回收利用、保护铅矿资源提供重要信息。选择铅酸电池作为铅制品的代表产品,采用自下而上(bottom-up)的方法,对2005年北京市铅酸蓄电池的种类、数量等进行了调查研究,估算了铅酸蓄电池中铅的蓄积量及其构成情况。结果表明,截至2005年底,北京市在用的铅酸蓄电池中,铅的蓄积总量为28.5kt,其中,从电池类型看,起动型蓄电池占总量的88%;从产品应用场所看,机动车用电池占总量的92%。将研究结果与其他国家和国外部分城市的研究结果进行了对比分析,发现北京铅的人均蓄积量为1.85kg/c,约为国外发达国家或城市的1/2到1/6。

Lead in Use Stock of Beijing in 2005

Amount of lead in use stock of human socio-economic system may reflect the amount of secondary lead resource in future.Taking lead-acid batteries as representative of lead products,a bottom-up method was used to analyze sort and amount of lead-acid batteries of Beijing in 2005 and estimate the amount of lead in use stock and its composing.Results showed that lead in use stock of lead-acid batteries was about 28.5kt in Beijing by the end of 2005.In view of battery types,it was found that 88% of total lead in use stock was from starting lighting and ignition batteries.While 92% of total lead in use stock was from automotive vehicles in view of the batteries application.Compared with other countries,per capita lead in use stock of Beijing is 1.85kg,which is around from one sixth to one half of the lead in use stock for the developed countries.