上海世博规划区交通干道污染物对流扩散研究

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)技术,对不同来流风速大小、风向条件下的上海世博规划区内四条主要交通干道上的交通污染物对流扩散进行了三维数值仿真。获得了不同工况下交通污染物浓度的空间分布。通过数值仿真结果分析,探明了交通干道上的机动车尾气排放对世博规划区内空气质量的影响(各工况下世博规划区内的CO最大浓度为0.25～0.59mg/m3;东南、东北和南风向下规划区内的NO2最大浓度分别为0.037mg/m3、0.03mg/m3和0.03mg/m3,而北风和西风下规划区建筑群内NO2最大浓度分别为0.068mg/m3和0.12mg/m)3,并揭示出应该重视靠近交通干道的建筑物附近的空气质量改善,特别是要重视靠近卢浦大桥两侧的建筑群周围空气质量改善(卢浦大桥两侧的建筑群周围NO2最大浓度已稍大于《环境空气质量标准》规定的一级标准浓度限值)。

Convection and Dispersion of Vehicle Exhaust Gas Emitted on Major Transportation Lines in World Expo Area of Shanghai

Three-dimensional dispersion of traffic pollutants emitted on four major transportation lines in World Expo Area of Shanghai was numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics(CFD) technology. Spatial distributions of pollutant concentration under various inflow wind velocities were obtained. Numerical results revealed the impact of traffic pollutants on air quality in the area with maximum concentration of CO in all cases as 0.25～0.59mg/m3,under the southeast,northeast and south wind directions,the maximum concentrations of NO2 were 0.037mg/m3,0.03mg/m3 and 0.03mg/m3 respectively,while under the north and west wind directions,the maximum concentrations of NO2 were 0.068mg/m3 and 0.12mg/m3 respectively,which illustrated that the emphasis should be put on the improvement of air quality around the buildings near major traffic lines,especially near Lupu Bridge area where the maximum concentration of NO2 is a bit higher than that for Grade I of National Ambient Air Quality Standard.