长江江苏段饮用水源地3种雌激素污染特征

分析了丰、平、枯不同水情下长江江苏段28个集中式饮用水源地中雌激素的污染水平和时空分布特征,评价了水源地雌激素活性.研究结果表明,长江江苏段水源地雌酮(E1)、雌二醇(E2)、双酚A(BPA)的浓度处于ng·L~(-1)水平,各雌激素总浓度的均值分别为(1.00±1.72)、(0.65±1.49)、(4.41±5.29)ng·L~(-1),BPA的检出率和平均浓度水平均高于E1和E2,不同水情下浓度差异表现为丰水期枯水期平水期.水源地E1、E2、BPA的活性分别为(0.25±0.43)、(0.65±1.49)、(0.00062±0.00074)ng·L~(-1)(以雌二醇当量计,下同).考虑到雌激素对水生生物的内分泌干扰作用,需在今后的水源地水质安全评价指标体系中加强雌激素监测.

Pollution characteristics of three estrogens in drinking water sources in Jiangsu reach of the Yangtze River

This research investigated the temporal and spatial distribution of three typical environmental estrogens during three typical seasons (dry, wet, and normal) in 28 drinking water source areas in the Jiangsu Reach of the Yangtze River. The estrogenic activities of water body in these areas were also evaluated. Results showed that the concentrations of the environmental estrogens were at level of ng·L^-1. Estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and bisphenol A (BPA) were detected with the average concentrations of (1.00±1.72), (0.65±1.49) and (4.41±5.29) ng·L^-1, respectively. The detection rate and average concentration of BPA were higher than those of E1 and E2. The total concentration of environmental estrogens in the wet season was the highest, followed by dry season and normal season. The average activities of E1, E2, and BPA were (0.25±0.43), (0.65±1.49) and (0.00062±0.00074) ng EEQ·L^-1, respectively. Considering effects of endocrine disruption to aquatic organisms, it would be necessary to intensify the control of estrogens pollution in drinking water source area in the future.