中国绿色经济发展中的诸方博弈研究

绿色经济是人类经济发展的新方向,是一种新的经济形态和经济模式。发展绿色经济的过程实质上是一个多方博弈过程。本文通过建立"子博弈精炼纳什均衡"模型、精炼贝叶斯博弈模型和一般博弈模型,分析了绿色经济体系构建中的诸方利益博弈关系。不同的博弈主体有不同的利益诉求:中央政府以公共利益长期化为核心的社会整体利益最大化诉求、地方政府政绩导向诉求、企业围绕利润最大化原则和消费者在一定观念指导下的效用最大化原则,诸方利益诉求的交集在于实现社会经济的绿色化,减少污染。研究结果表明,发展绿色经济的政策目标和责任目标与政策执行人员自身利益相挂钩的制度安排是制约污染者的有效路径,制度实施机制对制度实施程度及效率有直接的影响。因此,建议通过建立监管者的奖励机制、引导正确的社会舆论评价、提高执法者的综合素质,强化企业治理污染的约束机制和提高对消费者绿色消费的补贴机制才能妥善处理博弈各方的利益诉求,顺利实现绿色经济发展。

The Multi-game Research on Green Economic Development in China

Green economy is the new direction of economic development,which is a new economic pattern and economic model.The process of developing the green economy is essentially a multi-game process.The paper analyzes the relationships of the multi-interests in building the green economy system through the sub-game refined Nash equilibrium model,refined Bayesian game model and the general game model.Different game subjects have different interests demand—the central government’s maximizing appeal is the whole social interests as the core of the public interest long-term,the local governments’ appeal is performance-oriented,the firms appeal is the maximizing profits and the consumers’ appeal is the maximizing utilization under the certain guidance.The intersection of multi-interests is realizing the green social economy and reducing the pollution.The result show that the system which links the green economic policy goals to the policy executive officers’ own interests is the valid path to restrict the polluter and the system implementation mechanism has a direct impact to the degree and efficiency of system implementation.Therefore,the author proposes that establishing the regulator’s incentive mechanism,guiding the proper evaluation of public opinion,improving the overall quality of law enforcement,strengthening the restraint mechanisms of reducing enterprises’ pollution and increasing the consumers’ green consumption subsidy can properly handle the multi-interests in the game and smoothly realize the green economic development.