自然经济限制性下天津市农村居民点整理潜力估算

农村居民点整理增加耕地潜力的测算既要考虑其自然适宜性,也要考虑其经济可行性。论文探讨了天津市农村居民点整理在自然、经济条件限制性下增加耕地的潜力。首先,选取了7个自然指标建立了农村居民点整理的自然适宜性评价指标体系,利用评价后的宜耕地比例作为自然限制性修正系数,将自然限制性修正系数与农村居民点整理理论潜力的乘积,作为自然限制性下农村居民点整理增加耕地的潜力。然后,选取了9个经济指标建立了农村居民点整理的经济可行性评价指标体系,利用其评价结果作为经济限制性修正系数,将经济限制性修正系数与自然限制性下增加耕地潜力的乘积作为自然、经济限制性下农村居民点整理增加耕地的潜力。测算结果表明,天津市各区县的自然限制性修正系数为0.393～0.954,经济限制性修正系数为0.242～0.813;在自然、经济限制性下,天津市各区县农村居民点整理增加耕地系数2010年为3.597%～14.812%,2020年为6.158%～15.902%;分别可净增加耕地面积64.893～2206.523hm₂、68.289～2274.096hm₂。

The Arable Land Potential Calculation in the Land Consolidation Project of Rural Habitat under Natural and Economic Limits in Tianjin

Because of the cultivated land loss due to rapid urbanization process and arable land deficiency,the Chinese government has paid much more attention to the recultivation of rural habitat.According to the calculating results from the Ministry of Land and Resources,there would be 2.87 million ha of cultivated land that can be increased through land consolidation of rural habitat in 2010.But it is not necessary to transform all the rural habitat into cultivated land in land consolidation process,because there are many natural factors that limit the cultivation properties of rural habitat.And also the re-cultivation of rural habitat must consider the economic benefit,i.e.,consolidation of rural habitat must be economically viable.This paper develops a specific mathematical model to calculate the arable land potential in the land consolidation of rural habitat in China.Tianjin was taken as a case for the study of the arable land potential calculation in the land consolidation of rural habitat.The data came from the land use map,soil map and water resources map of Tianjin in 2004.Firstly the naturally suitable evaluation indexes were selected as the calculation basis of arable land potentiality in the land consolidation of rural habitat.The natural limiting correction coefficient of potential arable land in the rural habitat consolidation in Tianjin was 0.393-0.954.Then the naturally arable land potentialities in the rural habitat consolidation in Tianjin are 143.198-9117.865 ha in 2010 and 188.125-9397.091 ha in 2020 by multiplying the naturally limiting correction coefficient of potential arable land and total area of the rural habitat.The naturally arable land in the rural habitat consolidation is mainly distributed in Jixian,Wuqing and Baodi counties.Secondly the economically viable evaluation indexes were selected as the calculation basis of arable land potentiality in the land consolidation of rural habitat.The economically limiting correction coefficient of arable land potentiality in the rural habitat consolidation in Tianjin was 0.242-0.813.Then the economically arable land potentialities for the rural habitat consolidation in Tianjin are 64.893-2206.523 ha in 2010 and 68.289-2274.096 ha in 2020 by multiplying the economically limiting correction coefficient of potential arable land and the natural arable area of the rural habitat.The economically arable land in the rural habitat consolidation is mainly distributed in Ninghe,Xiqing and Dongli counties.Not only the natural suitability but also the economic viability should be considered when calculating the potential arable land for the rural habitat consolidation.