湘西汞矿区土壤中重金属的空间分布特征及其生态环境意义

采用HG-ICP-AES和ICP-MS法测定了湘西茶田汞矿区典型土壤剖面（远离矿口处的自然土壤剖面P₁、矿口附近的自然土壤剖面P₂和汞矿渣下覆土壤剖面P₃）不同层次的土壤及矿区的矿石、废矿和矿渣等环境样品中Hg及其它重金属的含量，在此基础上，结合富集系数法和相关分析等地统计学方法，探讨了汞矿区土壤中Hg等重金属的来源、分布及迁移特征.结果表明，Hg在P₁剖面中呈底层富集趋势，而在P₂、P₃剖面中均表现出明显的表层富集现象；P₂、P₃剖面土壤都遭受了Hg的污染，但P₃的污染更为严重，其土壤表层的Hg含量达到640 　μg·g^-1，剖面Hg平均含量为(76.74±171.71) 　μg·g^-1，Hg向下迁移的深度超过100 cm，分别高于P₂的6.5 　μg·g^-1、(2.74±1.90) 　μg·g^-1和40 cm；除成矿元素Hg污染严重外，矿区土壤中还存在着Cd、As、Pb、Zn的污染，且以Cd的污染较为严重；矿区土壤剖面中重金属的迁移能力为Hg>Cd>As>Zn ≈ Pb，并受元素在表土层的含量及土壤理化参数的影响.研究表明，矿区土壤剖面中重金属的来源、分布及迁移既受原生地质环境的影响，更与人类采选矿活动密切相关.

Spatial Distribution and Ecological Significance of Heavy Metals in Soils from Chatian Mercury Mining Deposit, Western Hunan Province

Ores,waste tailings and slag,together with three typical soil profiles(natural soil profiles far from mine entrance and near mine entrance,soil profile under slag) in Chatian mercury mining deposit(CMD),western Hunan province were sampled and their concentrations of mercury(Hg),arsenic(As),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),zinc(Zn) were determined by HG-ICP-AES and ICP-MS.Enrichment factor and correlation analysis were taken to investigate the origins,distribution and migration of Hg,as well as other heavy metals in the...