基于SPR的焦作生态安全评价指标体系构建

构建符合研究地点实际生态环境状况的生态安全评价指标体系是科学、合理的进行评价的基础,也是政府进行有效管理的前提。构建了SPR概念模型,提出了基于该模型的城市生态安全指标体系的构建方法。该方法主要包括建立SPR概念模型、实地调研、环境问题及成因辨识、指标体系初建、问卷调查及指标筛选等5个基本步骤。所建的指标体系可反映研究区域的主要生态环境问题,以及这些问题的现状水平、产生诱因和调控力度。以焦作为例,描述了该方法的应用。结果为:经实地调研及问卷调查,率定出9个主要的环境问题及形成每个环境问题的2个主要成因;根据SPR模型,确定表征每个环境问题成因的状态层、压力层及响应层指标,共计74个;就合理性、数据可得性等设计问卷征求专家意见后,最终建立了包含43个指标的生态安全评价指标体系,为未来焦作市生态安全评价和调控奠定基础。

Establishment of Jiaozuo Ecological Security Evaluation Index System Based on SPR Conceptual Model

An approach for establishing urban ecological security evaluation index system for specific region based on SPR conceptual model was proposed.It mainly included the following 5 steps: SPR conceptual model established,spot investigation,recognition of typical environmental issues and related causes,primary indicators choicing,questionnaires and indicators screening.The index system can reflect the major regional actural environmental problems as well as their status,main causes,control measures and intensity.As a case study,the proposed approach was applied to build an ecological security evaluation index system for Jiaozuo city.The results were as follows: first,9 key environmental issues and 2 main causes for every issue were identified based on spot investigation;second,a index system with 74 factors was determined according to SPR model,which reflected the state,pressure and response level;then,a questionnaire was designed to exame the rationality and data availability through expert survey.finally,an evaluation index system with 43 indicators was established,which may be used as a foundation for the evaluation and regulation of Jiaozuo ecological security in the future.