氟对西伯利亚鲟仔鱼的急性毒性及安全浓度评价

为检测氟对鱼类的生态毒性效应,在水温(17±1)℃的条件下,采用半静态式生物毒性试验方法研究了氟离子对西伯利亚鲟初孵仔鱼的急性毒性效应(氟离子浓度梯度设置为0、100、200、300、400、500、600mg·L-1).结果表明,氟暴露后仔鱼出现焦躁不安、失去平衡、呼吸减弱等中毒症状,且随着暴露浓度的升高与暴露时间的延长,死亡率逐渐增加,存在明显的剂量效应关系和时间效应关系.氟对西伯利亚鲟初孵仔鱼48h、72h、96hLC50分别为1014.10mg·L-1、288.28mg·L-1、181.18mg·L-1.经计算得出氟对西伯利亚鲟初孵仔鱼安全质量浓度为1.81mg·L-1,低于我国部分高氟地区地下水、地表水及人为氟污染水域中氟的浓度,应引起高度重视.

Acute Toxicity and Safety Assessment of Fluoride to Larval Siberian Sturgeon Acipenser baeri

Fluoride ions caused widespread endemic fluorosis in humans, but little attention was paid to the effect of fluoride ions on aquatic organisms. Semi-static acute toxicity trial on larval Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baeri was carried out to explore the safe criteria of fluoride to fish. Toxicity symptoms of fluoride in larval Siberian sturgeon included abnormal motility, loss of equilibrium, changes in gill ventilation. The mortality rate of larval Siberian sturgeon raised with the exposure concentration increasing and exposure time prolonging. The 48h, 72h and 96h LC50 of fluoride ion to Siberian sturgeon were 1014.10mg·L-1, 288.28mg·L-1 and 181.18mg·L-1, respectively. The safe concentration of fluoride in water for larval Siberian sturgeon was 1.81mg·L-1. Based on the fluoride concentration in water bodies of China, our result highlights the necessity of management of fluoride in water to protect aquatic animals.