Preparation of activated carbon from cattail and its application
for dyes removal |
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Authors: | Qianqian Shi Jian Zhang Chenglu Zhang Cong Li Bo Zhang Weiwei Hu Jingtao Xu and Ran Zhao |
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Institution: | 1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China 2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China |
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Abstract: | Activated carbon was prepared from cattail by H3PO4 activation. The e ects influencing the surface area of the resulting activated
carbon followed the sequence of activated temperature > activated time > impregnation ratio > impregnation time. The optimum
condition was found at an impregnation ratio of 2.5, an impregnation time of 9 hr, an activated temperature of 500°C, and an activated
time of 80 min. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and average pore size of the activated carbon were 1279 m2/g and 5.585
nm, respectively. A heterogeneous structure in terms of both size and shape was highly developed and widely distributed on the carbon
surface. Some groups containing oxygen and phosphorus were formed, and the carboxyl group was the major oxygen-containing
functional group. An isotherm equilibrium study was carried out to investigate the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The
data fit the Langmuir isotherm equation, with maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of 192.30 mg/g for Neutral Red and 196.08
mg/g for Malachite Green. Dye-exhausted carbon could be regenerated e ectively by thermal treatment. The results indicated that
cattail-derived activated carbon was a promising adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. |
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Keywords: | cattail activated carbon H3PO4 activation dyes removal regeneration |
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