Numerical simulation of hydrogen–air detonation for damage assessment in realistic accident scenarios |
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Authors: | L Bdard-Tremblay L Fang L Bauwens Z Cheng AV Tchouvelev |
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Institution: | aUniversity of Calgary, Calgary, Albta., Canada T2N 1N4 bA.V. Tchouvelev & Associates, Mississauga, Ont., Canada |
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Abstract: | An accidental hydrogen release within an equipment enclosure may result in the presence of detonable mixture in a confined environment. From a safety standpoint, it is then useful to assess the potential for damage. In that context, numerical simulation of the sequence of events subsequent to detonative ignition provides a useful tool, although with obvious limitations. This article describes the procedure, summarizes two case studies, and reviews the limitations. First, a hydrogen dispersion pattern is obtained from numerical simulation of dispersion, using a commercial package designed primarily for incompressible flow. This dispersion cloud is then used as the initial condition in an inviscid, compressible, reactive flow simulation. To force detonative ignition, a sufficiently large amount of energy is deposited in a small region that corresponds to the ignition location. Chemistry is modeled using a single step Arrhenius model. Because the wave thickness is small compared with the computational domain, a fine mesh is needed, limiting the practicality of the process to two-dimensional geometries. This is the most significant limitation; it is conservative. The two cases described in the paper include an electrolyzer, in which a small release occurs, leading potentially to some damage to the enclosure, and a reformer, in which the consequences are potentially more serious. |
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Keywords: | Detonation waves Hydrogen Accidental release Safety |
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