高瓦斯煤层综放开采瓦斯与煤自燃综合治理研究

针对淮南潘三煤矿低透气性高瓦斯易自燃煤层综放开采的实际情况 ,笔者在综合分析影响综放面安全开采的瓦斯和煤自燃因素基础上 ,提出并实施了顶板走向长钻孔覆岩卸压瓦斯抽放、本煤层顺层孔卸压瓦斯抽放、尾巷抽放和排放等综合瓦斯治理措施 ,通过适时合理的工作面通风系统能位调整 ,合理配备工作面风量和控制采空区漏风量 ,解决了综放面回采时的瓦斯问题 ,有效控制了采空区煤炭自燃的发展 ,实现工作面的安全快速推进。实践证明 ,顶板走向长钻孔覆岩卸压瓦斯抽放是解决低透气煤层瓦斯抽放率低的有效方法 ,回采面的瓦斯抽放率在 30 %以上 ;尾抽和尾排是低透气性高瓦斯煤层安全生产的有效辅助措施 ,但其对工作面采空区煤炭自燃的“三带”有显著影响 ,影响的关键因素是通过采空区尾排及尾抽的混合流量。笔者提出的方法对类似条件的高瓦斯易自燃煤层综放安全开采有重要的指导意义。

Comprehensive Control of Spontaneous Combustion of Gas and Coal for High Gas-containing Seam by Fully Mechanized Mining Technology

C 13 coal seam of Pansan mine of Huainan Mining Group Corp. has the property of low permeability and high gas-containing and easy to spontaneous combustion. In order to realize safe mining by fully mechanized top-coal caving technology, the comprehensive control measures, gas drainage with strike long horizontal holes in stress-relief roof, gas drainage with bedding bores by using the mining stress-relief characteristic, gas drainage and discharge by tail airway, pressure-equalizing adjust of working face ventilation system timely, distributing air flow volume of working face reasonably, controlling air leakage in gob area and so on, had been implemented based on the affecting factors analyses of gas and coal spontaneous combustion control. By means of above measures, the gas problems in mining of fully mechanized top-coal caving working face had been settled and coal spontaneous combustion in gob area had been effectively controlled. Therefore, the mining movement velocity of the working face had been evaluated obviously. The experimental results showed that gas drainage with strike long horizontal holes in stress-relief roof was proved to be effective in settling the low gas drainage rate of coal seams with low permeability. The gas drainage rate was over 30%, and gas drainage and discharge by tail airway was an effective assistant measure, which had some effect on coal spontaneous combustion in the gob area. The key factors were the mixed flow passing the gob area. The results might provide an important reference for mining safety to other analogical mechanized top-coal caving coal seams which have high gas content and are prone to spontaneous combustion.