5种植物沉床系统对富营养化水体修复效果研究

以狐尾藻、马来眼子菜、金鱼藻、伊乐藻和苦草5种沉水植物为试验材料,构建以沉水植物为核心的人工沉床,探讨富营养化水体中沉水植物的生长状况和沉水植物沉床系统对氮、磷和COD_(Mn)的净化效果。结果表明:5种沉水植物在富营养水体中生长良好,生物量明显增加,以金鱼藻生物量最大。5种沉水植物沉床系统对富营养化水体中的TP、TN和NH_4~+-N去除率较高,均值分别为70.16%、79.60%、79.82%,而对COD_(Mn)的去除率较低,平均为39.74%;其中金鱼藻沉床系统对富营养化水体中的TP、TN、氨氮、COD_(Mn)去除率均最高,分别为79.76%、85.23%、85.81%和46.16%。因此,金鱼藻沉床系统对富营养化水体修复效果最好,同时金鱼藻也是该沉床系统的优选植物。

Experimental Study of the Effects of 5 Species of Plant-mattress System on Eutrophic Water Remediation

In this paper,five submerged plants including Myriophyllum spicatum,Potamogeton malaianus,Ceratophyllum demersum,Elodea nuttallii and Vallisneria spiralis were selected as the experimental materials to build up artificial mattresses with submerged plants as the core for exploration of the growth status of submerged plants in eutrophic water and the effects of such system on purification of nitrogen,phosphorus and CODMn.The results showed that the five submerged plants grew well in the eutrophic water,and the biomass increased significantly with Ceratophyllum demersum the most.The five submerged plant mattress systems had high removal rates of TP,TN and NH4+-N from the eutrophic water bodies as 70.16％,79.60％ and 79.82％ respectively,while that of CODMn was 39.74％,lower than others.Ceratophyllum demersum bed system had the highest removal rates of TP,TN,NH4+-N and CODMn as 79.76％,85.23％,85.81％ and 46.16％ respectively.Therefore,Ceratophyllum demersum mattress system had the best effects on restoration of eutrophic water bodies,and Ceratophyllum demersum was the preferred plant for such kind of mattress system.