基于“压力-状态-响应”模型的宝鸡市生态环境敏感性评价

生态环境敏感性评价研究对于区域社会、经济与生态环境可持续发展具有重要现实意义。基于"压力-状态-响应"(PSR)模型构建相关指标体系,运用均方差赋权法对选取的2001~2013年宝鸡市生态环境"压力-状态-响应"层共25项指标进行评价研究。结果表明:生态环境压力指数和响应指数是影响宝鸡市生态环境敏感性变化的主要因素;受人类活动影响,2001~2013年宝鸡市生态环境敏感性不断波动,其发展大致经历了4个阶段:即2001~2004年属于较高敏感阶段,2005~2009年属于中度敏感阶段,2010~2011年属于较低敏感阶段,2012~2013年属于低敏感阶段。调整区域产业结构、优化经济发展方式、加强生态环境治理力度,是降低宝鸡市生态环境敏感性,实现区域人与社会、经济、资源和生态环境持续协调发展的有效途径。

Assessment of Eco-environmental Sensitivity in Baoji City Based on the Pressure- state-response (PSR) Model

Research of eco-environmental sensitivity assessment is of great significance for the regional social, economic and eco-environmental sustainability. In this paper, by buildup of an indicator system based on the pressure-state-response (PSR) model, MSE weighting method is used to evaluate 25 eco-environmental indicators in Baoji City selected from 2001 to 2013. The results show that the main influential factors on eco-environmental sensitivity variation are eco-environmental pressure and response indexes. Eco-environmental sensitivity shows a trend of continuous volatility from 2001 to 2013 by human activities and four-stage experiences in the process of development including highly sensitive stage from 2001 to 2004, moderate sensitive stage from 2005 to 2009, low sensitive stage from 2010 to 2011 and lower sensitive stage from 2012 to 2013. It is a most effective approach to reduce eco-environmental sensitivity in Baoji and realize the harmonious development among human, society, economy, resource and eco-environment by adjustment of regional industrial structure, optimization of the economic development pattern and strengthening of the eco-environment management.