消防监控界面的语音信号研究

以汉语消防用语为实验材料,结合消防界面使用环境的高噪音特点,通过工效学实验,研究不同长度、内容的语音信号在不同噪音水平下的可懂度。结果表明,人对语音信号的获取与识别受到噪音水平以及信号内容、长度的影响。在不同水平的噪音背景下,语音信号的参数呈现不同的变化趋势。噪音对信号的掩蔽作用显著,其中低音最易被掩蔽。在消防监控界面中,语音信号的适宜语声为女中音。词类信号的适宜语速为5字/秒,普通句的适宜语速为7字/秒,含数字句的适宜语速为6字/秒。实验结果为设计者在消防界面中使用语音信号提供了依据,有助于缓解视觉通道压力,提高信息获取的速度和准确性,从而缩短火情侦察的时间与范围,降低火灾伤亡。

Research of Speech Signal on Fire Information Display Interface

Based on Chinese fire information phrases and the situation for Chinese firefighters detecting fire information, the effects of speech rate and tune on intelligibility of fire alarm-related words and sentences under different levels of noise were investigated. The intelligibility was affected significantly by the type of signals and noise levels. For different noise levels, the most comfortable parameters of speech signals varied. The noise occultation was significant, and the undertone was the easiest one to be occulted. The appropriate tune for fire information display interface was mezzo-soprano. The appropriate voice rate was 5 characters per second for words display, 7 characters per second for usual sentences display and 6 characters per second for the sentences with numbers display. The results could be useful for fire alarm system design, which can decrease the visual load, help firefighters' detection more efficiently, and reduce the casualty.