Modeling of dispersion near roadways based on the vehicle-induced turbulence concept |
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| Institution: | 1. Process Design and Simulation Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11365/4563, Tehran, Iran;2. Environmental Engineering Department, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, 700 University Blvd., MSC 213, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA;1. School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong;2. Department of Applied Science, Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Chai Wan), Hong Kong;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong;4. Environmental Protection Department, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong;5. Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia;6. Jo?ef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. Université de Lyon, École Centrale de Lyon and LMFA UMR CNRS 5509, F-69134, Ecully, France;2. Volvo Group Truck Technology, Renault Trucks SAS, Cab Engineering Lyon, 99 route de Lyon, 69806, Saint-Priest Cedex, France;3. Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1 and LMFA UMR CNRS 5509, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France;1. Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, 41296, Sweden;2. AVL List GmbH, Advanced Simulation Technologies, Hans-List-Platz 1, 8020, Graz, Austria;1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Atmospheric Modeling and Analysis Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA;2. University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;3. William B. Petersen Consulting, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA |
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| Abstract: | A mathematical model is developed for dispersion near roadways by incorporating vehicle-induced turbulence (VIT) into Gaussian dispersion modeling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The model is based on the Gaussian plume equation in which roadway is regarded as a series of point sources. The Gaussian dispersion parameters are modified by simulation of the roadway using CFD in order to evaluate turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) as a measure of VIT. The model was evaluated against experimental carbon monoxide concentrations downwind of two major freeways reported in the literature. Good agreements were achieved between model results and the literature data. A significant difference was observed between the model results with and without considering VIT. The difference is rather high for data very close to the freeways. This model, after evaluation with additional data, may be used as a framework for predicting dispersion and deposition from any roadway for different traffic (vehicle type and speed) conditions. |
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