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Characterization and source presumption of wintertime submicron organic aerosols at Saitama,Japan, using the Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer
Affiliation:1. Department of Environmental Science and Human Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan;2. Japan Energy Co. Ltd., 3-17-35 Ni-zo, Toda, Saitama 335-8503, Japan;3. Petroleum Energy Center, 4-3-9 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan;1. Namik Kemal University, Corlu Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Cerkezkoy Yolu 3. Km, 59860 Corlu-Tekirdag, Turkey;2. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra (VA), Italy;1. PRES L''UNAM, Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l''Aménagement et des Réseaux, Département Géotechnique, Eau et Risques, CS 4, 44344 Bouguenais, France;2. IRSTV (FR CNRS 2488), Nantes, France;3. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Laboratoire de Cherbourg-Octeville, BP 10, 50130 Cherbourg-Octeville, France;4. LMSPC UMR 7515 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;2. Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, ICEHT/FORTH, Patras, Greece;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR 26500, Greece;1. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;2. State Key Joint Lab of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;3. Department of Atmosphere and Oceanic Science, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;1. Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Particle Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, D-55128 Mainz, Germany;2. University of Trier, Department of Hydrology, Behringstraße 21, D-54296 Trier, Germany;3. Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute for Atmospheric Physics, J.-J.-Becherweg 21, D-55128 Mainz, Germany;1. Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, Prague 6, Czech Republic;2. Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
Abstract:The chemical composition and size distribution of submicron aerosols were analyzed at a suburban site at Saitama, Japan, in the winter of 2004/2005, using an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer. Although organics and nitrate were the dominant species during the sampling period, a large fraction of sulfate was observed at the accumulation mode when mass loading was low and wind speed was high. The size distributions of m/z 44 (mostly CO2+) and sulfate aerosols during periods of high wind speed showed remarkable similarities in the accumulation mode, indicating that oxygenated organics were aged aerosols and internally mixed with sulfate. Ozone concentrations were also increased during these high wind speed periods although nighttime (e.g., 12/17 2004), indicating that the oxygenated compounds were strongly influenced by transported and aged air masses. The diurnal profiles of ultrafine-mode organics and hydrocarbon-like organic aerosols (HOA) were similar to NOX derived from traffic and other combustion sources. The temporal variation of oxygenated organic aerosols (OOA) agreed well with that of nitrate as a secondary aerosol tracer, and the diurnal profile of the OOA fraction of organics increased during the day associated with higher UV light intensity. The result of time and size-resolved chemical composition of submicron particles indicated that the OOA is associated with both photochemical activity and transboundary pollution, and ultrafine-mode organic and HOA aerosols are mainly associated with combustion sources.
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