Mercury concentrations and air/soil fluxes in Wuchuan mercury mining district,Guizhou province,China |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Processes, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China;3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China;1. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multi-Scale Interfacial Process, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China;2. Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, 400716, China;3. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, China;1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;2. Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;5. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 55002, China;2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadalleen 21, Oslo 0349, Norway;1. State Key Laboratory for Bio-control and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;1. State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Mercury Pollution Prevention and Control, and Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanometallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Shandong Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan 250001, China;4. Laboratory of Proteomics, Protein Science Core Facility Center, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;5. Beijing National Day School, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Wuchuan Hg mine, located in the Circum-Pacific Global Mercuriferous Belt, is one of the important Hg production centers in Guizhou province, China. Soil Hg concentrations in this area are elevated by 2–4 orders of magnitude compared to the national background value in soil which is 0.038 μg g?1. In situ air Hg concentrations and air/soil Hg fluxes were measured at five sampling sites in Wuchuan Hg mining area (WMMA) from 19 to 26 December 2003 and from 18 to 25 December 2004. The results showed that air Hg concentrations were 2–4 orders of magnitude higher than those observed in background areas in Europe and North America due to a large amount of Hg emission from artisanal Hg smelting activities. The average in situ Hg fluxes at site Laohugou, Jiaoyan, Luoxi, Sankeng and Huanglong were ?5493, 124, ?924, ?13 and 140 ng m?2 h?1, respectively. Diurnal pattern of Hg flux was not found and a number of negative Hg fluxes were observed in our sampling campaigns. The correlations between Hg fluxes and meteorological parameters such as solar irradiation, air temperature, soil temperature and relative humidity and air Hg concentrations were investigated. The commonly observed significant correlations between Hg fluxes and meteorological parameters observed in many previous studies were not obtained in WMMA. However, significantly negative correlations between Hg flux and air Hg concentration were observed at all sites. Our study demonstrated that highly elevated air Hg concentrations could suppress Hg emission processes even from Hg-enriched soil. At specific conditions in WMMA, air Hg concentrations play a dominant role in controlling Hg emission from soil. |
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