水电背景的鱼类救护工程与投资回报:中国鱼类资源前景堪忧

随着我国水电事业的飞速发展,鱼类资源正面临着极大的威胁,鱼类救护工程越来越受到重视。从增殖放流、过鱼设施、栖息地保护等三个鱼类救护工程的角度,浅谈了我国鱼类救护工程的现状:增殖放流工程备受关注,放流规模与投入资金大幅度上升,但实际效果不够突出;过鱼设施建设近年来呈快速发展态势,初期监测过鱼效果较好,但是否达到设计要求尚无定论,缺乏过鱼效果评价的科学体系且相关管理法规不到位;鱼类栖息地保护工程开始被重视,在研究尝试之后已经取得一定的效果。建议相关部门审慎对待对增殖放流的投入、加强放流鱼种鱼苗及实际效果的研究评估;增加过鱼设施投入资金并加强过鱼设施的建设和研究,完善实际过鱼效果评估方法,加大鱼道运营管理执法力度;加大对栖息地保护方式的研究投入,使被破坏的鱼类栖息地得到恢复。

FISH RESCUE AND PROTECTION PROGRAM AND INVESTMENT RETURNS ANALYSIS UNDER HYDROELECTRIC BACKGROUND: GLOOMY PROSPECT OF FISH RESOURCES IN CHINA

With rapid development of hydroelectric industry in china, fish resources are facing great threats and fish rescue and protection programs are further emphasized. In this article we discuss on the current status of fish rescue and protection projects in China from the three aspects:artificial enhancement and releasing, fish passage and habitat restoration. Artificial enhancement and releasing projects are highly concerned, releasing scale and input fund surges increase while actual outcomes are not so effective; fish passage facilities have been developed rapidly in recent years, but it comes to no conclusion yet if such development achieves designed destination although fish passing monitoring outcomes were good at the very beginning, together with the fact that scientific evaluation systems on outcome assessment and relevant management regulations are lacked; fish habitat restoration projects starts to be emphasized and has achieved certain effects after tryout. We suggest relevant departments shall consider prudently the input of investment of artificial enhancement and releasing, strengthen research and assessment on its actual effects, aggrandize fund input and enhance construction and research of fish passage facilities, perfect actual fish passage effect, strengthen assessment, operation, management and law implementation about fish passage, and finally increase study and investment on fish habitat restoration.