民用型煤燃烧的排放特征及推广型煤的减排效果

为探究煤质对型煤燃烧排放特征的影响，选取了呼和浩特市某城区推广使用的6种方型型煤进行了污染物排放水平测试，并结合煤质数据分析了影响型煤燃烧排放特征的主要因素。结果表明，挥发分含量是影响型煤燃烧产生的PM_2.5和NO_x排放浓度的主要因素；VOCs的排放浓度与挥发分和固定碳的总含量相关；计算得到型煤燃烧后的主要污染物(CO、SO₂、NO_x、TSP、PM_2.5、VOCs)的排放因子，分别为(36.0±17.3)、(1.89±0.47)、(1.18±0.62)、(0.47±0.69)、(0.19±0.15)和(0.27±0.18)g·kg⁻¹；设置排放情景，计算得到在该区域推广型煤后主要污染物的减排率分别为61.9%、22.2%、20.6%、89.3%、91.6%和89.1%。在推广民用型煤的过程中，还应加强对煤质的管理，同时推广型煤的配套炉具，减少人为操作造成的污染物排放。

Study on air pollutant emission characteristics and emission reduction potential of civil square briquette

To explore the influence of coal quality characteristics on air pollutant discharge of civil square briquette, 6 groups of briquettes were selected, which was widely used in an urban area of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, to test their air pollutant discharges. The main factors affecting air pollutant discharge is discussed according to coal quality analysis data. Results show that volatile content is the main factor affecting PM2.5 and NOx emission concentration. The total content of volatile matter and fixed carbon is significantly related to the emission concentration of VOCs. The emission factors of major air pollutants (CO, SO2, NOx, TSP, PM2.5 and VOCs) are (36.0±17.3), (1.89±0.47), (1.18±0.62), (0.47±0.69), (0.19±0.15) and (0.27±0.18) g·kg−1, respectively. Based on an emission scenario, the emission reduction rates of major air pollutants after the promotion of square coal in an urban area of Hohhot are 61.9%, 22.2%, 20.6%, 89.3%, 91.6% and 89.1%, respectively. In the process of promoting briquette, it is necessary to strengthen the management of briquette coal quality and promote supporting briquette stoves to reduce the contribution of human operations to pollutant emissions.