Research on the influence of foaming gas in compressed air/nitrogen foam on extinguishing the n-heptane tank fire |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Resources and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines of Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China;4. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Safety Technology, Shenyang Branch of China Coal Research Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China;1. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany;2. Berufsfeuerwehr Hamburg, Westphalensweg 1, 20099, Hamburg, Germany;1. College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, Qingdao 266000, China;3. Research and Technology Center Asian Pacific, Bosch (China) Investment Ltd., Shanghai, 200335, China |
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| Abstract: | Tank fires threaten the lives of people and pollute the environment for their intense radiant heat, rapid fire spread and explosion hazard. Compressed air/nitrogen foam (CAF/CNF), a cleaner fire extinguishing technique used for the tank fire suppression because halogen-based agents were prohibited for environmental reasons. In this work, the influence of foaming gas in CAF/CNF on extinguishing the n-heptane tank fire was firstly investigated. Firstly, it was found that CNF spreads faster with rapid increase in foam thickness, mainly due to its better stability and less evaporation. Secondly, after foam was discharged, there existed a short increase of the combustion intensity, associated with three monotonous regions and two time delays in the whole extinguishing time. The two time delays were caused by Rayleigh–Taylor instability and flame sheet shift, respectively, and the shift distance was larger for CNF. Finally, the influential factors contributing to flame extinction were exhibited to be mainly related to the decrease in liquid burning rate and gas-phase Damkohler number. Among these factors, foam spreading rate and thickness dominated due to coupled chemical and physical extinguishing effects. Resulted from some competitive effects, CNF was slightly more efficient at extinguishing tank fires than CAF. |
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| Keywords: | Compressed air foam Compressed nitrogen foam Foam spreading Burning rate Damkohler number |
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