Characterisation of particulate matter on the receptor level in a city environment |
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Authors: | Winson Chung Qun Chen Ogo Osammor Andy Nolan Xiaohui Zhang Vida N Sharifi Jim Swithenbank |
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Institution: | (1) Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA;(2) Atlantic LNG Chair (Professor) in Environmental Engineering, University of West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Agustine, Trinidad and Tobago;(3) Civil Engineering Department, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India; |
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Abstract: | Airborne particulate matter (PM) has become one of the dominant pollutants with the increasing material and energy demand
due to global economic growth. The main objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive receptor level characterisation
of the particulate matter collected in a city environment. Particulate matter samples were collected on Tapered Element Oscillating
Microbalance (TEOM) filters from five monitoring sites over a period of 1 year. An Andersen eight-stage cascade impactor was
also used to collect airborne PM samples from three other locations to compare with the samples collected by TEOM. All the
samples were then subjected to individual particle morphology and chemical composition analysis by SEM/EDS. Bulk chemical
composition of the samples were also analysed through ICP–OES. Based on these analyses, possible sources of the PM samples
were identified. The results showed that the monitoring sites in residential environments were dominated by transportation-derived
particles and other migratory particulates. Monitoring sites near the city centre were dominant by particles from transportation,
with biological particles abundant for the site closer to a river. The monitoring station located close to the industrial
area, despite only 200 m away from a motorway, has low contribution of non-exhaust particulates from vehicles. Instead, the
particulates collected from this site were dominated by industrial sources. An air dispersion modelling package was also used
to model the particulate matter dispersion in the city area for the period of sampling. The results from the model showed
that the points of high emissions were around industrial areas. |
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