亳清河水体细菌群落的结构和分布特征

城镇生活和工业生产均会对水生环境中细菌群落的结构和分布产生影响.亳清河是黄河小浪底水库的重要支流，流经铜尾矿库和城镇，为了厘清亳清河水体中的细菌群落结构和分布特征，通过采集亳清河沿线具有空间代表性的水体样品，分析亳清河水体中细菌群落的多样性特征，探讨了其与重金属等环境因子的响应关系.结果表明，亳清河下游细菌群落丰富度和多样性高于上游，表现出先降后升的趋势，在汇入小浪底水库之前达到峰值，在铜尾矿库及其附近水体中具有最低的群落丰富度和多样性；变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、Limnohabitans、假单胞菌属(Pseudarthrobacter)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)分别是亳清河水体中的主要优势菌门和主要优势菌属；不动杆菌属在城镇水体中具有最高的相对丰度，其与TC显著正相关；黄杆菌属与As具有共现性且显著正相关，As对亳清河流域致病菌的传播可能具有促进作用.研究结果对多因素影响下的水体健康评估具有重要...

Structure and Distribution Characteristics of Bacterial Community in Boqing River Water

The structure and distribution of bacterial communities should be influenced by urban and industrial activities. The Boqing River, which flows through towns and a copper tailing reservoir, is an important tributary of Xiaolangdi Reservoir in South Shanxi. In order to clarify the structure and distribution characteristics of the bacterial community in the Boqing River, we collected water samples along the Boqing River. The diversity characteristics of bacterial communities were analyzed, and their relationships with environmental factors were also explored. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of the bacterial community were higher in the downstream than that in the upstream of the river. Both of the parameters first decreased and then increased along the river. The lowest and highest bacterial abundance and diversity existed in the copper tailing reservoir and the site adjacent to the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, respectively. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and Firmicutes were dominant taxa at the bacterial phylum level in the river, and Acinetobacter, Limnohabitans, Pseudoarthrobacter, and Flavobacterium were dominant taxa at the genus level. Acinetobacter had the highest relative abundance in urban water of the river, which was significantly positively correlated with TC. Flavobacterium was significantly correlated with As. Considering its co-occurrence with As, we speculated that As might contribute to the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the study area. The results of this study were of great importance for the assessment of aquatic health under a complex environment.