供应链系统可靠性分析

供应链是由物料获取并加工成中间件或成品 ,再将成品送到顾客手中的一些企业和部门构成的网络 ,它包括供应商 (包括供应商的供应商等 )、制造商、配送中心、零售商、最终用户等多个多级实体。除了性能以外 ,其可靠性已经成为供应链管理研究的重点。鉴于供应链中存在的诸多层次与环节致使供应链的可靠性分析十分复杂 ,为了简便起见 ,笔者认为 ,必须从单级供应链可靠性分析出发 ,再进行基于马尔可夫过程的多级供应链可靠性分析 ,最后根据分析结果 ,提出一些提高供应链可靠性的措施。该方法对供应链系统可靠性分析具有实用价值 ,其关键环节是将串联结构改变为并联结构来实现。

Analysis on Reliability of the Supply Chain

The supply chain is a network, composed of material procuring, and processing into intermediate product or final product and finally distributing to customers, which consists of multi-level and multiple firms, both upstream (i.e., suppliers) and downstream (i.e., distributors), producer, retailers, and ultimate consumers. Except their performances,the reliability of supply chain has become the priority research interest. For the sake of simplicity, the reliability of single level of the supply chain is studied first, and then the reliability of multi-level supply chain based on method of Markov process. From the results of analysis, measures for improving the reliability of supply chain are suggested.