紫外/超声协同灭活隐孢子虫的影响因素及机制

为研究UV/US（Ultraviolet/Ultrasonic，紫外/超声）协同对水中隐孢子虫的灭活机制，采用UV灯（功率为14 W）与US发生器（频率为20 kHz，功率为150 W）组合装置协同灭活隐孢子虫，考察pH、温度、浊度和HA（腐殖酸）对UV/US协同灭活隐孢子虫的影响，并通过SEM（扫描电镜）、蛋白质试验和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测对灭活机制进行了探讨.结果表明:pH对UV/US杀灭隐孢子虫的影响不大，碱性条件下灭活率略高于中性和酸性条件；温度对灭活率有一定影响，5℃下灭活率较低，随温度的上升，灭活率逐渐提高，25℃下10 min灭活率可达99%以上；悬浮物抑制隐孢子虫的灭活，浊度为40 NTU时，UV/US作用25 min的灭活率仅为93.88%；HA对灭活的影响表现为低浓度促进，高浓度抑制；ρ（HA）高于10 mg/L时，继续增大ρ（HA）对隐孢子虫灭活率影响不大.研究显示:UV/US协同作用对隐孢子虫的灭活机制主要是使其卵囊破裂，同时损伤了隐孢子虫胞内的DNA. 

Ultraviolet / Ultrasound Coordination for Inactivating Cryptosporidium parvum

UV was coupled with US for inactivating Cryptosporidium parvum in water, and the effects of pH, temperature, turbidity and humic acid (HA) were investigated. Furthermore, the inactivation mechanism was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, agarose gel electrophoresis and protein test detection. The results showed that pH had little discussed on the US/UV inactivating C. parvum. The inactivation rate at 5℃ was fairly low, and at 25℃ it required 20 min to achieve more than 99% inactivation rate. Suspended matter inhibited the inactivation rate under the coupling action; when turbidity was 40NTU, the inactivation rate of UV/US in 25 min was only 93.9%. The inactivation effect of coupling was promoted by HA at low concentration and inhibited by high content. When the dosage of HA was higher than 10 mg/L, increasing the concentration of HA had little effect on the C. parvum inactivation rate. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, protein test and agarose gel electrophoresis, it was determined that UV/US made C. parvum oocysts burst, while Cryptosporidium's DNA was also damaged.