北京市燃煤源排放控制措施的污染物减排效益评估

为分析北京市燃煤源排放控制措施的污染物减排效益，基于MEIC（中国多尺度排放清单模型），采用情景分析法，评估了北京市电厂能源清洁化与末端治理、燃煤锅炉改造和城区平房区居民采暖改造等措施的污染物减排效益.结果表明，相对于无控情景，2013年北京市电厂能源清洁化与末端治理减少PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂和NO_x排放量为1.28×104、2.10×104、5.13×104和4.98×104 t，分别占无控情景的85%、86%、87%、74%；北京市燃煤锅炉改造减少PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、NO_x排放量为1.09×104、2.68×104、11.64×104和5.81×104 t，分别占无煤改气情景的83%、89%、83%、83%；北京市老旧平房区的居民采暖改造减少PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂和NO_x排放量分别为630、870、2 070和790 t，均占无煤改电情景的8%.研究显示，北京市从1998年开始采取的各种减排措施有效地减少了污染物的排放，对北京市空气质量改善具有重要意义. 

Assessment of the Benefits of Emission Reductions from Coal-Fired Source Emission Control Measures in Beijing

To analyze the benefits of emission reductions from coal-fired source emission control measures, this work employed scenario analysis to quantify emission reductions from replacing coal-fired power with clean energy and application of end-of-pipe control technologies in power plants, comprehensive control on coal-fired boilers and residential heating renovation based on the model of Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). The results showed that the emissions of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO_x from power plants in Beijing were estimated to have been reduced 1.28×10⁴, 2.10×10⁴, 5.13×10⁴ and 4.98×10⁴ t in 2013, representing reductions of 85%, 86%, 87% and 74%, respectively. 1.09×10⁴, 2.68×10⁴, 11.64×10⁴ and 5.81×10⁴ t of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO_x emissions were mitigated due to the comprehensive control measures for coal-fired boilers in 2013, representing reductions of 83%, 89%, 83% and 83%, respectively. Residential heating renovation projects by replacing coal with electricity in Beijing''s conventional old house areas contributed to emission reductions of 630, 870, 2070 and 790 t for PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO_x, representing reductions of 8%. The study showed that the emission reduction measures have reduced pollutant emissions effectively since 1998 and have significance for improving air quality in Beijing.