青霉素废菌丝体制备石膏缓凝剂联产活性炭

青霉素废菌丝体是一种制药行业的危险固体废弃物。利用其富含蛋白质的特点，采用微波加热水解法制备一种新型建筑石膏缓凝剂（WPM缓凝剂），同时将制备缓凝剂后的滤渣用于制备活性炭。经过实验研究，确定的缓凝剂制备适宜工艺条件为：温度80 ℃，pH值11，时间10 min。得到滤渣制备活性炭的最佳工艺条件为：炭化时间为1 h，炭化温度为300 ℃，活化剂ZnCl2浓度为20%，液固比为3.0。 本工艺较好地解决了焚烧处置、堆放填埋或直接生产活性炭等处理方法造成的环境二次污染问题以及用作动物饲料可能导致的抗生素滥用问题，实现了青霉素废菌丝体的安全、清洁利用。

Combined production of gypsum retarder and activated carbon from waste penicillin mycelium

Waste penicillin mycelium (WPM) is a kind of hazardous solid waste in the pharmaceutical industry. Because this product is rich in protein, alternatives to waste disposal were explored. Specifically, a new kind of building gypsum retarder was prepared from WPM by a microwave heating method, and at the same time, the residue was used in the preparation of activated carbon. Through a series of experiments, results indicated that the optimum treatment conditions for retarder preparation were a temperature of 80℃, a pH value of 11, and a treatment time of 10 min. The optimum treatment conditions for the preparation of activated carbon from the residue were a coking time of 1 h, a carbonization temperature of 300℃, a concentration of activator (ZnCl2) equal to 20%, and a liquid-solid ratio of 3.0.Not only will this process reduce the secondary pollution from the WPM treatments, such as incineration, stockpiles or producing activated carbon directly, but it may be able to prevent the possible abuse of antibiotics when used in animal feed.Thus, the clean and safe utilization of waste penicillin mycelium can be realized.