中国土地盐碱化及其防治对策研究

中国盐碱地面积为３６３０万ｈｍ２，土地盐碱化是农业生态环境退化的重大问题之一。土地盐碱化治理和预防对中国干旱、半干旱和半湿润地区农业生态系统退化防治、农业生态环境保护和未来食物安全性具有非常重要的实践意义。本文简要评述了我国土地盐碱化的历史及发展趋势以及土地盐碱化可能造成的土地面积、生产力和经济损失；在对土地盐碱化发生和发展的技术和社会经济原因，以及现有技术、管理、政策和法律法规进行系统评述的基础上，提出了我国土地盐碱化防治的区域战略、技术政策、管理政策、法律法规及经济激励手段。

LandSalinization in China and the Prevention Countermeasures.

There are 36,300,000 hm 2 of salinized land in China. Land salinization is one of the most serious ago eco environment problems. Harnessing and prevention of land salinization are extremely important to the prevention of agro ecosystem degradation, the protection of ago eco environment and the security of food supply in future for arid, semi arid and semi humid areas. The paper describes the development of land salinization in China,discusses the possible land and economic losses caused by land salinization. On the bases of evaluations on technical, social and economic factors and on the existing technical, administrative, policy and legislative systems, the countermeasures for combating land salinization have been proposed. The countermeasures include regional strategic measures, technical policies, management policies, legislative measures and economic incentive measures.