高空核电磁脉冲对爆炸箔起爆器安全性的影响

目的评估爆炸箔起爆器(EFI)在高空核电磁脉冲下的安全性。方法通过吉赫兹横电磁波室(GTEM)强电磁脉冲模拟系统,开展辐射方式下EFI电极塞在模拟高空核电磁脉冲(HEMP)下的感应电流试验测试。HEMP主要是通过电磁辐射方式在EFI脚线上耦合能量,在爆炸箔上产生感应电流,用光纤场强计监测模拟HEMP的电场强度,并在EFI爆炸箔电极塞脚线上套装电流环,通过示波器监测爆炸箔上的感应电流波形。结果在爆炸箔电极塞两根脚线上分别连接相同长度的导线,按导线长度不同分为5、10、20、30、40、50 cm共6组,使导线成180°状态,EFI的脚线可等效为偶极天线,感应电流随脚线长度增加而增大,两者呈线性关系。结论 EFI在HEMP下的感应电流远小于发火电流,对核电磁脉冲环境具有较高的耐受能力,具有较高的安全性。

Effects of HEMP on Safety of Exploding Foil Initiator

Objective To assess the safety of the exploding foil initiator (EFI) under the nuclear electromagnetic pulse. Methods The induced current of exploding foil under simulated high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) was tested in a GTEM intensive EMP simulation system. HEMP mainly coupled energy on EFI by electromagnetic radiation to generate induced current on explosive foil, and monitor the electric field intensity of HEMP by optical fiber field intensity meter. An electric current loop was installed on the foot of the EFI to monitor the induced current waveform on explosive foil by oscilloscope. Results The same length of wires were connected on the two feet of the EFI, according to the length of wires, they were divided into six groups:5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm. Each pair of wires were kept at 180 degrees, which might be equivalent to dipole antenna. The induced current increased with the increase of the wire length. The induced current and wire length were a linear relationship. Conclusion The induced current of EFI under HEMP is much less than the ignition current, and it has high tolerance and safety to HEMP.