工业生产粉尘爆炸预防和缓解──近期研究与发展综述

本文包括三个方面，即工业粉爆的基础研究、应用研究以及粉尘点人性和可爆性。基础研究包括粉尘云的形成和点火，火焰的传播以及粉煤产生的冲击波。工业预防措施包括惰化和消除点火源。缓解的方法包括隔爆、泄爆、部分惰化、抑爆和全封闭。基础研究和应用研究相互促进。计算机模拟模型可能成为非常有效的方法，也可用于专家系统。

PREVENTION AND MITIGATION OF DUSTEXPLOSIONS IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIESA SURVEY OF RECENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

The paper covers three aspects, viz. basic research, applied research and developmenton prevention and mitigation of dust explosions in industrial practive, and testing of ignitability and explosibility of dusts. With few exceptions only works published from 1990and onwards are referenced, i. e. publications that are not discussed in the book by Eckhoff(1991). Central basic research topics include formation and ignition of dust clouds. flamepropagation in dust clouds, and blast waves from dust explosions. Preventive measures in industry include inerting and elimination of ignition sources. Mitigate measures include isolation, venting, partial inerting. suppression and total confinement. Increased knowledgeabout the numerous facets of the dust explosion hazard has created a justified request for amore differentiated approach to design of preventive and mitigate measures in industry. Inthis process, cross fertilization between fundamental research and applied research and development is essential. Due to the computer simulation models, carefully calibrated against experiments, will probably become useful tools in a not too distant future. The same applies toexpert systems. provided that adequate Quality Assurance is performed.