过程液氯贮槽装置封闭厂房及事故氯吸收塔联用安全效用分析

分析、设立液氯贮槽液相泄漏的几种典型事故情景,并利用液相泄漏、液池蒸发、重气扩散和人员中毒死亡概率等模型对比研究封闭厂房及事故氯吸收塔等安全措施对液氯贮槽液相泄漏扩散中毒后果的影响,给出不同事故情景下液氯泄漏速率、液池半径、液池蒸发速率、室外氯气中毒死亡概率等事故后果特征值。对封闭厂房及事故氯吸收塔安全效用进行定量分析和比较研究。结果表明,液氯贮槽的封闭厂房对抑制液氯泄漏扩散中毒事故后果效用明显;事故氯吸收塔能消除液氯贮槽微小孔泄漏所对应的小事故情景,还能对封闭厂房最严重泄漏事故后果起到初期削峰作用。显然,封闭厂房及事故氯吸收塔联用可以降低液氯贮槽事故影响后果,具有良好安全效用。

Safety Utility Analysis of Chlorine Absorption Tower Combined with Chlorine Tank in Closed Plant

Some typical leak accident scenarios of a liquid chlorine tank were analyzed. Liquid leakage,liquid pool evaporation,and heavy gas diffusion,poisoning death probability model were accepted to investigate the effect of such safety measures as chlorine absorber and closed plant on toxic consequences. Chlorine leakage accident rate,liquid pool radius,liquid pool evaporation rate,mortality rate of chlorine poisoning outside were achieved. The effectiveness of chlorine absorption tower and closed plant was analyzed and compared quantitatively. Studies show that it is effective for closed factory of liquid chlorine tank in inhibiting liquid chlorine leakage accident; Chlorine absorption tower could not only remove small-hole-leak accident scenarios of liquid chlorine tank,but also clip initial leakage effect. Clearly,closed factory and combined chlorine absorber can reduce the impact of the consequences of the accident of liquid chlorine tank and has a good safety effect.