溶解氧对Anammox滤池内功能菌群及活性的影响

针对目前厌氧氨氧化系统内微生物的研究，主要以厌氧氨氧化菌本身这一情况，本研究对长期稳定运行的Anammox滤池内微生物菌群结构进行了测定，同时测试与分析了滤池内厌氧氨氧化菌（AnAOB）、氨氧化菌（AOB）、亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB）和反硝化菌（DNB）的关键动力学常数，探究了溶解氧（DO）浓度从0.2mg/L增加至1.5mg/L，AnAOB、AOB以及NOB活性的变化.结果表明，长期稳定运行的Anammox滤池是一个以厌氧氨氧化功能为主，多菌群共存的混合体系.滤池内厌氧氨氧化活性最高，为5.3mgN/（gVSS·h），同时系统内DNB和AOB也具有一定活性.DO在0.2~1.5mg/L范围内，AnAOB活性变化不大；随着DO浓度增加，AOB比氨氧化速率从0.76mgN/（gVSS·h）增加到1.08mgN/（gVSS·h），通过Monod方程进一步得到AOB氧半饱和常数（K_O2，AOB）为（0.106±0.010） mg/L，表明系统内AOB对氧具有极高的亲和力；整个过程基本检测不到NOB的活性.厌氧氨氧化系统中主要功能菌群共存，且相互竞争底物.

Effect of dissolved oxygen on the community and activities of functional bacteria in anammox biofilter

The current researches on microorganisms in anammox system were mainly focused on anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria. The microbial community structure and the key kinetic parameters of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AnAOB), ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and denitrifying bacteria (DNB) in anammox filter were measured and analyzed in this study. Moreover, the effects of DO concentration in the range of 0.2~1.5mg/L on the activity of AnAOB, AOB and NOB were investigated. The results showed that the anammox filter of long-term stable operation was still a mixed system with multiple bacterial groups, in which anammox bacteria was the main function bacteria. The activity of AnAOB with 5.3mgN/(gVSS·h) was the highest among the functional bacteria in the filter; whereas DNB and AOB had a certain activity. When DO concentration increased from 0.2mg/L to 1.5mg/L, the activity of AnAOB almost kept stable; whereas, the specific ammonia oxidation rate of AOB increased from 0.76mgN/(gVSS·h) to 1.08mgN/(gVSS·h). The obtained oxygen half saturation constant (K_{O2, AOB}) of AOB was (0.106 ±0.010) mg/L, which indica ted that AOB has high affinity for oxygen. During the entire experiment, the activity of NOB was not detected. Therefore, in the anammox system, the main functional bacteria coexisted and competed each other for substrates.