输入数据精度与准确性对SWAT模型模拟的影响

以潮河流域为研究区域,利用潮河流域1990～2013年监测数据,构建SWAT模型,在模型结构和参数不改变的情况下,探究输入数据精度(DEM分辨率)与准确性(降水插值)对径流和总氮模拟结果影响.结果 显示:DEM分辨率变化(30～300m)对径流及总氮模拟效果不同,对径流模拟影响不明显,纳什系数(ENS)和R2可达到0....

The influence of input data precision and accuracy on SWAT model simulation

The influence of input data precision and accuracy (DEM resolution and precipitation interpolation) on runoff and total nitrogen simulation was studied with runoff and water quality monitoring data of Chaohe watershed from 1990 to 2013 as samples. The results showed that there were different effects of the DEM resolution change (30~300m) on runoff and total nitrogen simulation results. No significant impact on runoff simulation were found, with ENS and R² above 0.87. While greater effects on total nitrogen simulation results were found. The finer the resolution, the better the simulation accuracy. Under different hydrological years, heterogeneous impacts on simulation performance were found on total nitrogen (TN) load with the change of DEM resolution. There were more significant differences in wet years than in dry years. The influence on the spatial distribution of the annual average (1993~2002) total nitrogen load were much less with the change of DEM resolutions. The high load areas were located in the midstream of the Chaohe watershed, and low load areas in the upstream and downstream. There were larger discrepancies in the spatial distribution of precipitation in the watershed under different distribution and density of monitoring sites, and accuracy of precipitation input data. In general, the runoff and total nitrogen simulation results based on the interpolation data of the fewer weather stations were close to results based on monitoring data of rainfall stations, and the simulation performance based on interpolation data of SWAT official rainfall stations was relatively poor. The spatial distribution of simulated total nitrogen intensity load were obviously different with different precipitation data inputs. The higher the precipitation, the higher total nitrogen load intensity. In different hydrological years, the simulation performance of total nitrogen load also differed with different precipitation data inputs. In wet and dry years, simulation results of TN based on the interpolation data of the weather stations were closer to results based on the rainfall station data, while large simulation deviations were found with the official SWAT rainfall station data. In the normal years, the simulation performance based on official SWAT rainfall station data was better than those based on the interpolation data of the weather stations. This research provided a scientific reference for watershed modeling applications regarding input data accuracy and precision.