不同饮食习惯下镉摄入对肠道菌群结构的影响

为了探究不同饮食习惯下Cd摄入对肠道菌群结构的影响，将C57BL/6小鼠给予不同的饲养方式（正常饮食（ND）、正常饮食+10 mg/L CdCl₂（ND+Cd）、高脂饮食（HFD）、高脂饮食+10 mg/L CdCl₂（HFD+Cd））20周后，借助16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析了各组小鼠肠道菌群的组成，并探讨了HFD、ND+Cd、HFD+Cd对小鼠肠道微生物群落结构的影响.结果显示，高脂饮食和Cd摄入，均可引起肠道紊乱.相对于ND组，HFD摄入降低了2.28倍Bacteroidetes丰度，Bifidobacterium数量增长达14.34倍；Cd摄入增加了以Akkermansia为主的Verrucomicrobia丰度，使其约占肠道菌群的4.67%；与HFD组相比，HFD+Cd组Actinobacteria丰度下降了4.57倍， RuminococcaceaeUCG-014、Alistipes、Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group、Blautia、Desulfovibrio等成为了优势菌群.研究表明，高脂饮食或/和Cd均可扰乱肠道菌群平衡，不同饮食习惯下的Cd摄入表现出不一样的菌群结构，并且体现在各分类水平上.

Effect of cadmium intake on the structure of gut microbiota under different dietary habits

To investigate the effects of cadmium (Cd) exposure on gut microbiota structures under different dietary habits. The C57BL/6 mice were treated with Normal Diet (ND), Normal diet+10 mg/L CdCl₂(ND+Cd), High-Fat Diet (HFD), or High-Fat Diet+10 mg/L CdCl₂(HFD+Cd), respectively for 20 weeks. Subsequently, the changes of composition and structure of the gut microbiota were analyzed via 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The results indicate that HFD and Cd caused intestinal disorders. Compared with the ND group, HFD intake decreased Bacteroidetes abundance by 2.28 times, and the Bifidobacterium number increased by 14.34 times. Cd intake increased the abundance of Verrucomicrobia, dominated by Akkermansia to about 4.67% of gut microbiota. Compared with the HFD group, the abundance of Actinobacteria in the HFD+Cd group decreased by 4.57 times, RuminococcaceaeUCG-014, Alistipes, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_gup, Blautia, and Desulfovibrio being the dominant flora. Studies have shown that HFD or/and Cd can disrupt the balance of gut microbiota, and the intake of Cd under different dietary habits shows a different flora structure, which is reflected in each classification level.