中国稻田土壤镉污染及务农性暴露概率风险

为了解中国稻田土壤镉污染时空变异特征及其务农性接触的健康风险,对1991～2017年发表的205篇有关稻田土壤镉调查文献进行系统回顾,并采用USEPA推荐的健康风险评估概率模型对健康风险进行评估.结果 表明,全国稻田土壤镉平均浓度[(0.54±-1.38)mg/kg]显著高于全国表层土壤镉背景值(0.097mg/kg)...

Status of paddy soil Cd pollution and probabilistic health risk via agricultural contact in China

Based on 205 published articles, a national-scale assessment of cadmium (Cd) contamination in paddy soil across China mainland was conducted. The Cd concentrations, spatiotemporal variations, and probabilistic health risk resulted from Cd exposure via agricultural contact were analysed. On national average, Cd concentration (0.54±1.38)mg/kg was much higher than the background value (0.097mg/kg) of Cd element in topsoil. Although no significant temporal variation(β=-0.002, 95% confidence interval[CI]:-0.025~0.022), Cd concentrations varied considerably among the different regions (South China[(0.88±1.59)mg/kg] >Southwest[(0.46±0.85)mg/kg] > East China[(0.44±1.45)mg/kg] > North China[(0.36±1.05)mg/kg] > Northwest[(0.35±0.83) mg/kg] > Northwest[(0.01±0.05)mg/kg]), as well as among areas affected by different anthropogenic activities (Mining & smelting[(1.77±2.18)mg/kg] > other industrial activities[(0.64±1.22)mg/kg] > E-waste recycling[(0.59±0.87)mg/kg] > Sewage irrigation[(0.57±1.26)mg/kg] > traffic transport[(0.56±0.86)mg/kg] > Normal fields[(0.25±0.34)mg/kg]). Except the Northwest China, partial Cd concentrations surpassed the risk screening value for Cd contamination of paddy soil, especially 34% of Cd concentration records of the south China exceeded the corresponding risk intervention value (1.5mg/kg). The non-carcinogenic risk was acceptable (HQ<<1) and dermal contact contributed more than oral ingestion. The female was more likely to be affected by Cd exposure through agricultural contact and regions including the south and southwest China were determined as the priority risk control areas.