卫星观测资料改进活性VOCs源排放及其对臭氧模拟影响

本文以INTEX-B （Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-Phase B）人为源、FINNv1（Fire Inventory from NCAR version 1）生物质燃烧源、MEGAN （Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature）生物源作为基准源，用2005~2007年3a的OMI观测资料作为参考，使用WRF-chem模式，建立了卫星观测数据与地面排放VOCs源数据的回归方程，通过OMI观测资料的约束，人为源在目前污染最为严重的京津冀、长三角、珠三角3个城市群区域分别增加了1.51倍、1.87倍和1.93倍，生物质燃烧源在3个区域分别增加了12.2倍、6.15倍和2.27倍，生物源在3个区域分别增加了1.66、1.31和1.21倍，增加后的浓度分布与前人研究结论有较好的一致性.使用改进后的源清单模拟结果来看，不同季节，3个区域O₃浓度均有不同幅度的增加，各季节增幅较大的区域均主要集中在京津冀、长三角和珠三角中心城市及周边区域，与我国大型城市区基本都是VOCs敏感区的结论一致.整体而言，VOCs源强改进后，NO_x敏感区O₃浓度增加幅度不大，不超过4×10^-9，而部分VOCs敏感区增幅超过20×10^-9.本文所提供的方法可进一步改进后在大气污染相关研究中，特别是模式源清单研究中广泛使用.

Emission improvements of reactive VOCs based on satellite observations and their impact on ozone simulations

Introduced is a methodology of improving bottom-up volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions by using space-based formaldehyde measurements. The regression equation between satellite observations and pollutant emissions was established which used the bottom-up emission inventories of INTEX-B for anthropogenic VOCs, FINNv1for the biomass burning source, and MEGAN for the biogenic source. The anthropogenic emissions were enhanced by 1.51, 1.87, and 1.93 times in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta, respectively, whereas the biomass burning emissions were enhanced by 12.2, 6.15, and 2.27 times, and the biogenic emissions were enhanced by 1.66, 1.31, and 1.21 times, respectively, as constrainted by a continuous 3-year record (2005~2007) of OMI satellite measurements. The improved emissions are in good agreement with previous results. Using the improved emission inventories, O₃ simulations with the WRF Chem model were conducted, showing that simulated O₃ was increased in different seasons in the above three regions, with large increases (more than 20×10^-9) in major cities and surrounding areas of the three regions in each season, consistent with the VOC-sensitive urban areas in China. The methodology presented in this paper can be further improved and widely used in air pollution research, especially in the improvement of emission inventories.