新疆鸟类和哺乳动物物种丰富度空间异质性及其多尺度效应

基于新疆维吾尔自治区鸟类和哺乳动10km×10km物种空间分布数据及1km×1km土地利用数据,引入NDVI、海拔和地理纬度等辅助数据,分别对物种和土地利用数据进行尺度变换,计算分析了1～10km尺度下的景观指数,并进一步在生态系统层面进行尺度效应研究,以探究表征物种多样性空间异质性的合理尺度.结果表明:新疆总体的景观...

Spatial heterogeneity and multi-scale effects of species richness of birds and mammals in Xinjiang

Spatial distribution of 10km×10km gridded data of birds and mammals species and the 1km×1km land use in Xinjiang were taken as the basic data sources. Using NDVI, altitude, and geographical location of latitude as ancillary data to scale down the 10km×10km grid data and upscale the 1km×1km land use data respectively. Matching the data at 1km intervals from 1~10km resolution and different landscape index were calculated and analyzed under each scale. Scale effects were also studied at ecosystem level in order to find the reasonable and suitable scale that fit for characterizing the spatial heterogeneity of birds and mammal species diversity. The results show that:overall landscape types were rich in Xinjiang. Landscape richness and fragmentation in northern Xinjiang were higher than those in southern Xinjiang relatively; different types of patches distributed unevenly and there were dominate patches existed. Scale effects were more obvious for birds in ecosystems of settlement, water and wetland, but more significant for mammals in farmland and forest ecosystems. Under 7~10km scale, the smaller the settlement area was, the higher the degree of its landscape division, while the more discrete and fragmentation of landscape of water, the more complex of its shape and abundant of birds species. Characteristics of farmland and forest ecosystems have more significant meanings to the richness of mammals. Under the scale of 7~10km, mammal species richness was lower where farmland patches were more discrete and complex in shape. With the scale of 4km, mammal species richness was higher wherever forest patches are well connected and more complex in shape.