流域生态补偿意愿的WTP与WTA差异性研究: 基于辽河中游地区居民的CVM调查

如何揭示利益相关者生态补偿的真实意愿不但是生态系统服务支付研究的难点问题,也是政府及管理部门制定生态补偿政策的关键问题。为此,论文通过对辽河流域中游地区的7个主要城市进行实地调研,采用条件价值评估法,利用同一受访者同时测量其支付意愿值(WTP)和受偿意愿值(WTA)的技术手段来检验其真实补偿意愿,研究结果显示,受访地区居民保护流域生态环境和水资源的WTP为59.39元／(人·a),WTA为248.56／(人·a);同时,针对同一受访者给出的WTP与WTA之间的较大差异性利用回归分析方法,得出其呈现不对称性的主要原因是受访者的收入水平和年龄。最后,在对研究结果进行差异性分析的基础上,提出了辽河流域生态补偿意愿差异性的研究结论和政策建议。

A Study on the Disparity of WTP and WTA of the Basin’s Willingness to Compensate:Based on the Residents’CVM Investigation in the Middle Liaohe Drainage Basin

How to promulgate the stakeholders’real willingness to eco-compensate is not only a difficult problem of ecosystem service payment research, but also a key to the question of policy formulation by the government and administrative departments on ecological compensation. However, the disparity of WTP and WTA was a hot spot in this research area. The objects of this research were the seven cities in the middle Liaohe Drainage Basin such as Benxi, Shenyang, Anshan, Fushun, Chaoyang and Chifeng. The method used in this paper is known as contingent valuation method. We estimated a resident’s WTP was 59.39 yuan per capita per year and WTA was 248.56 yuan per capita per year for protecting basin ecological environment and water resources by simultaneously measuring the same respondent’s WTP and WTA, which can examine his or her real compensation wish. Using regression method, we analyzed that the main cause for the disparity of WTP and WTA was the income levels of the respondents, on this basis we gave out appropriate policy recommendations.