填埋垃圾和渗滤液中CH4氧化菌的丰度研究

应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction，简称实时荧光定量PCR)技术对填埋场垃圾和渗滤液中CH₄氧化菌的pmoA基因进行定量分析. 结果表明:实时荧光定量PCR技术可用于渗滤液和垃圾中CH₄氧化菌的定量分析. 对于厌氧和准好氧填埋，初期渗滤液中CH₄氧化菌的数量均高于稳定期；准好氧填埋体渗滤液中CH₄氧化菌的数量均高于厌氧填埋体. 准好氧填埋垃圾中CH₄氧化菌的数量随着填埋龄的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势，并在填埋后的9个月左右达到最大值，与准好氧填埋体CH₄产生的规律相似. 同时，准好氧填埋垃圾中CH₄氧化菌的数量随着距导气管距离的增加而降低，但不同填埋时期的变幅不同，与准好氧填埋体O₂和CH₄的迁移规律有关. 此外，对渗滤液和垃圾样品的研究表明，准好氧填埋体垃圾填埋层内部存在大量的CH₄氧化菌，具有显著的CH₄氧化能力. 

Abundance of Methanotrophs in Landfill Municipal Solid Waste and Leachate

Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology was used to determine the pmoA gene copies number of methanotrophs in leachate and municipal solid waste(MSW) samples of semi-aerobic and anaerobic landfills.The results showed that real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR is a feasible technology for methanotroph quantification in leachate and MSW samples.Methanotroph abundance in the initial stage was higher than that in the stable stage in leachate from both semi-aerobic and anaerobic landfills,and the methanotroph population in leachate from semi-aerobic landfills was higher than aerobic landfill over the whole period.For MSW samples in semi-aerobic landfills,methanotroph populations first increased with landfill time,peaked in the 9th month,and then decreased gradually,which was similar to the process of CH4 generation.In addition,methanotroph populations decreased with increasing air pipe distance.However,the range of methanotroph population decrease in semi-aerobic landfills,which is related to the O2 and CH4 transfer rule,was different according to different landfill times.Combining the results in the leachate and MSW samples,many methanotroph populations were proven to exist in the MSW landfill body,which means significant methane-oxidation capacity.