煤与秸秆成型燃料的复合生命周期对比评价

利用复合生命周期对比评价方法，引入能量返还率、资源耗竭系数、环境影响负荷和生命周期成本4个参数，对煤和秸秆成型燃料在整个生命周期内的能源消耗、环境影响和经济性做了对比分析.同时，为了平衡能源、环境与经济三者之间的关系，建立EEE (Energy, Environment, Economic)综合指标进行整体评价.结果表明，在整个生命周期内，与煤相比，秸秆成型燃料的能量返还率低、资源耗竭系数小.秸秆成型燃料的全球变暖潜值、酸化潜值、富营养化潜值、工业烟尘、粉尘潜值及固体废弃物潜值均比煤小，因此，秸秆成型燃料的环境影响负荷比煤小.秸秆成型燃料的EEE指标值比煤小79.8%，所以，从平衡生命周期能源消耗、环境排放和经济性角度出发，秸秆成型燃料具有替代煤的潜力.但是，秸秆成型燃料的生命周期成本比煤高，其大力推广需要政府的财政补贴.

Hybrid life cycle analysis for coal versus straw briquettes

Life cycle energy consumption, environmental impacts, and economics of coal and straw briquettes were studied using hybrid life cycle analysis (LCA). Energy return ratio, resource depletion index, environment impact load and life cycle cost were considered in the analysis. To balance energy, environmental and economic indicators, EEE (Energy, Environment, and Economics) indicators were adopted as a combined indicator to evaluate coal and straw briquettes. For the whole life cycle, the energy return ratio and resource depletion index of straw briquettes were lower than coal. Straw briquettes also had lower potential for global warming, acidification, eutrophication, smoke and dust, and solid waste production. The EEE indicator of straw briquettes was 79.8% lower than coal. Thus, the environment impact load for straw briquettes is low, and straw briquettes have the potential to displace coal, taking the energy, environmental and economic aspects into consideration. However, the life cycle cost of straw briquettes is slightly higher than coal, so the extended application of straw briquettes needs the financial support of the government.