国家级流域水环境保护总体规划一般模式研究

流域综合水管理是发达国家普遍采用的管理模式,主要手段之一是制定流域水环境保护总体规划.流域水环境保护总体规划是流域各相关利益方就流域社会经济发展与水环境保护达成的决策,是其他所有规划制定的基础和依据,核心内容是规划目标的确定.流域水环境保护总体规划是流域综合管理的决策平台和信息共享平台,是环境保护的刚性约束,为流域水资源开发利用划定红线.流域水环境保护总体规划是目标导向型的,通过指标体系指导省级行政区负责制定的小流域水环境保护规划,协调流域内省级行政区国民经济和社会发展规划、土地利用总体规划、城市总体规划等其他部门规划.中国目前缺乏流域水环境保护总体规划,基于此提出了国家级流域水环境保护总体规划的一般模式,包括基本内容、规划文本和规划实施3个部分.流域水环境保护总体规划实施的主要手段是审批小流域水环境保护规划.

Study on the general model of master plan of water resources management for river basin in China

Integrated water management is generally adopted by developed countries, and one of the approaches is to make a master plan for river basin, which is a decision made by all stakeholders of river basin according to the relationship between economic development and water resources management, and is also the foundation and basis for all other planning. The master plan provides a platform to share information and make decision, and an environmental constraint for economic development to protect water. This article discusses the general model of the master plan of water resources management on national river basin, and gives the demonstration on content of the plan, the plan document, implementation control and evaluation in order to achieve the overall task of the master plan. The main method of the master plan implementation is to approve watershed planning on small basin.