合理施肥与农业的可持续性发展初探

合理施肥可以提高作物产量和品质,降低农业生产成本,增加农民收入,减少环境污染;但是,在我国农业发展过程中,农民施用化肥时存在化肥的过量施用、化肥的错误选用以及化肥施用方法不科学等问题;不合理施肥引发了水污染、大气污染和土壤污染。从农业可持续性发展的角度,提出了根据作物性质选择合适肥料,测定土壤性质,根据土壤性质选择合适的肥料,采取科学的方法施肥等建议。

The Rational Fertilization and Sustainable Development of Agriculture

Rational fertilization can increase crop production and quality, reduce the cost of agricultural production, increase farmers＇ income and reduce environmental pollution. However, in the process of China＇s agricultural development, problems as excessive application and wrong choice of fertilizers as well as the unscientific method of application are very common. Irrational fertilization led to water pollution, air pollution and soil contamination. Advices were givenn from the perspective of agricultural sustainability, including selecting right fertilizer and measuring soil property according to the nature of the crop, selecting the appropriate fertilizer and adopting scientific fertilizing methods based on soil properties.