太湖生态修复治理工程

太湖是我国第三大淡水湖泊，也是流域的重要水体。近年来，随着人口的增长，经济高速发展，人为社会经济活动影响，水资源系统受到很大冲击，水质变劣，湖体富营养过程加剧，生态环境受到明显损害，制约了流域社会经济的可持续发展。要实现流域水资源的可持续利用，必须加快水污染综合治理。除陆域实施严格的达标治理、河网水质调控、农业面源及生活污水治理外，太湖湖体生态修复和富营养化治理已为当务之急。目前应尽早实施：①太湖重污染区底泥的生态疏浚，减少底泥释放二次污染。②利用浮床陆生植物治理太湖典型富营养化水域，利用生物吸收、降解，继而富集营养盐，净化水质。③建立环湖湿地保护带。④恢复和重建湖滨带水生植被，实现长效生态管理和调控。⑤生态渔业工程，有效控制过度养殖，恢复湖泊生态良性循环。⑥藻类采集和资源化再利用。⑦强化流域管理。

RESTORATION PROJECT OF THE ECOSYSTEM IN TAI LAKE

Taihu basin is situated in the south of the Yangtze delta, whichis one of the richest region in China and is very improtant for the economic development. Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China and is an important drinking water source for the whole basin. In recent years, the water in the lake has to certain degree been polluted. The water quality has become worse, eutrophication much more serious. The water resources will then influence the sustainable development in the basin. Therefore, integrated controls should be strengthened in order to achieve a sustainable use of the water resources. Several measures should therefore be imposed as to restore the ecosystem in Tai Lake: 1) to dredge up the bottom mud in the polluted area of the lake; 2) to grow floating plants in the lake in order to absorb and degrade the nutrients; 3)to restore or rebuild vegetation in the littoral area; 5) to set up ecological fishery, to control over-culturing; 6) to collect algae and 7)to improve management.