淮北市煤炭开采对生态系统服务胁迫阈值研究

为揭示煤炭资源型城市煤炭开采对生态系统服务胁迫作用的阈值效应，在构建煤炭开采对生态系统服务胁迫阈值模型的基础上，从土地破坏、地下水资源破坏、大气污染3个维度分析估算了淮北市煤炭开采对生态系统服务的胁迫阈值，并探究了1990~2016年该地区煤炭开采对生态系统服务胁迫作用时序变化规律.结果表明：淮北市煤炭开采对生态系统服务的胁迫作用存在显著的阈值效应，其中，土地破坏、地下水资源破坏、大气污染3大胁迫因子的胁迫阈值分别为1803.19hm²、33253.23×10⁴t和888.81×10⁸m³.1990~2016年淮北市煤炭开采对生态系统服务胁迫作用呈现显著的阶段性特征，其中，1990~2009年该地区煤炭开采所造成的土地破坏、地下水资源破坏、大气污染均未超过阈值范围，生态系统服务运行状况良好；但是在2010年之后，由于该地区煤炭开采造成的地下水资源破坏超出阈值范围，从而导致该地区生态系统服务出现恶化趋势，不过2015年以来恶化趋势有所减缓.因此，该地区必须加快绿色矿区建设，加大生态环境治理力度，着力防范煤炭开采对生态系统服务的胁迫作用超出阈值范围，以保障经济增长与生态环境统筹协调可持续发展.

Stress threshold of ecosystem service affected by coal mining in Huaibei City

This paper aimed to reveal the threshold effect of coal mining on ecosystem services in coal resource-based cities. Based on the stress threshold model of ecosystem services affected by coal mining, the stress threshold in Huaibei City was estimated from three perspectives of land destruction, groundwater resource destruction and air pollution to explore the temporal variation of stress effect of ecosystem service from 1990 to 2016. Results showed that coal mining had significant threshold effect on ecosystem service in Huaibei City, and the stress thresholds of land destruction, groundwater resource destruction and air pollution were 1803.19 hectares, 332.5323 million tons and 888.81 billion standard cubic meters, respectively. Meanwhile, the stress effect showed stage characteristics, during 1990~2009, ecosystem service was in good condition and none of the above three thresholds were exceeded; after 2010, groundwater resource of the region was affected by coal mining which exceeded the corresponding threshold and caused the degradation of ecosystem services. Fortunately, the worsening trend had slowed down since 2015. Therefore, this region must accelerate the construction of green mining areas, and strengthen the ecological management, and strive to prevent the stress effect of coal mining from exceeding the corresponding threshold to ensure the coordinated and sustainable development of economic growth and ecological environment.