汽车尾气对动物的生物学效应研究

采用动物气管内注入粒物与吸入不同稀释度的汽车尾气等染毒方法，研究其生物效应。结果显示，动物受试后，大鼠肺灌洗液乳酸脱氢酶活性增加，酸性磷酸酶，碱性磷酸酶性和白蛋白含量明显升高，肺巨噬细胞减少，而大鼠血液中ＣＯＨｂ显著增加，小鼠骨髓细胞微核率在中浓度组亦显著增加，３者增呈现良好的测量一反应关系。试验说明，汽车尾气气体部分和颗粒物的毒性作用高于柴油车。

Biological Effects of Automobile Exhaust Exposure on Animals

Automobile exhaust participate from 4 gasoline powered and 2 diesel powered vehicles were given to SD rats intracheally and SD rats, Kunming mice were inhaled to 1:80, 1:40 and 1:20 diluted gasoline engine exhaust 8 hours per day for 7 days. Analysing of rat bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) showed increased in albumin content, and the activity of lacta-te dehydrogenase with the increased of doses, the contents of AKP, ACP and NA rose significantly, while the count of alveolar macrophages and lysozyme activity decreased and the level of COHb in rats blood increased very rapidly. The micronucleus rates in mice exposed to diluted exhaust was remarkable higher than those in control group. The dose-response relationship existed. The results indicated that exposure of automobile exhaust could induce lung damage and chromosome aberration in body cells. The toxic effect of particulate from gasoline vehicles was higher than those from diesel trunks.