公众信任及水灾风险认知的区域对比

通过在长江流域不同区域开展问卷调查(获885份样本),统计、比较公众对社会减灾能力的信任态度及水灾风险认知状况,并探讨信任与认知之间的关系。结果显示,公众对社会减灾能力基本持信任态度,信任度依次为:灾害监测预报预警>政府应急>防灾工程能力,其中下游地区公众的信任度较高。公众对于水灾的风险感知普遍偏弱,尤其是下游地区公众对发生水灾、受灾可能性的评估偏低(小于25%)。公众对于区域减灾能力的信任主要受到受灾经历(如灾情损失、灾后救援等)的影响,区域本底的灾害风险高低导致公众水灾风险认知的差异。风险较高区域(上、中游)公众更愿意采取较多的、积极的具体防减灾措施。

Regional Comparison of Public Trust and Their Flood Risk Perception

Through carrying out questionnaire survey in different regions along Yangtze River(885 samples were obtained),this paper summarizes and compares the public trust in the social disaster reduction ability as well as their perception of flood risk,and probes into the interrelation between trust and perception.The result indicates that the public basically trust the social disaster reduction ability and the degree of trust ranks as:disaster monitoring forecast and early warning,the government ability to deal with emergencies,and disaster prevention engineering.Among which,the degree of trust of the public in downstream regions is relatively high.Universally,the public has relatively weak perception of flood risk.In particular,those in downstream regions have relatively low assessment about the possibility of flood and the possibility of being stricken by the disaster(below 25%).The public trust in the regional disaster reduction ability is mainly affected by their disaster experiences(such as losses caused by the disaster and rescue after the disaster),the degree of disaster risk of regional background leads to the difference in the public perception of flood risk.The public in the regions with high risk(upstream and middle) are more willing to take more and active actual disaster prevention and reduction measures.